How to start a HVAC business in Montana (2026)
Everything a new HVAC business in Montana needs in the first months: registration, licenses, taxes, insurance and the yearly deadlines, with official links.
1. Register your business
Most owners form an LLC with the Montana Secretary of State. Once it's registered, find it here to claim a free website and see your exact dates.
2. Licenses
Montana licenses HVAC contractors at the state level, usually with a set number of supervised work hours and an exam, and many cities add permit rules. Check the state licensing board before your first job. Technicians who handle refrigerant also need federal EPA Section 608 certification.
Your city or county may also require a general business license or tax receipt.
3. Taxes
Get a free EIN from the IRS first. How. Montana has no statewide sales tax, though some local areas may.
If you expect to owe $1,000 or more in federal tax for the year, you pay estimated tax four times a year.
Montana's yearly report
An annual report is due between January 1 and April 15 every year, starting the year after you form. Montana has waived the fee in recent years; check the state's site for this year.
Example: an LLC formed today would have its first one due Apr 15, 2027.
Your startup checklist
0 of 23 steps done · Check steps off as you go. Saved on this device.
Make it official0/7
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Register your business
Most owners form an LLC with the Montana Secretary of State. Montana business filing
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Check your HVAC license
Montana licenses HVAC contractors at the state level, usually with a set number of supervised work hours and an exam, and many cities add permit rules. Check the state licensing board before your first job. Technicians who handle refrigerant also need federal EPA Section 608 certification.
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Get EPA Section 608 certified
Federal law requires it for technicians who work on equipment with refrigerant. You test once through an EPA-approved program. EPA details
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Get your EIN
Free from the IRS, online in about 10 minutes. Banks, clients and payroll all ask for it. You never need to pay a service for it. How to get it free
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Keep your home address off public records
The state publishes your registered agent's address. A registered agent service lists its office instead and forwards your legal mail.
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Sign an operating agreement
Most states don't ask to see it, but banks often do. It sets out who owns what and what happens if someone leaves.
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File your state report on time
Most states want a short report every year or two. Miss it and you can be charged late fees or lose good standing. Montana due dates
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Protect your business name Optional
Registering with your state doesn't stop a business in another state from using the name. A federal trademark does.
Banking and credit0/2
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Open a business bank account
Keeps the company's money separate from yours, which is what protects your LLC.
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Start building business credit
Lenders and suppliers check your business credit file, separate from your personal score. A free account shows yours.
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Know your funding options Optional
For equipment or working capital, one application compares lenders instead of applying one by one.
Bookkeeping and taxes0/3
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Set up bookkeeping
Track every sale and expense from day one so taxes take hours, not weeks.
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Register for sales tax if you sell taxable goods or services
Montana has no statewide sales tax, though some local areas may.
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Pay estimated taxes each quarter
If you expect to owe $1,000 or more for the year, the IRS wants payments in April, June, September and January. A tax pro can set them up.
Insurance0/3
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Get general liability insurance
Homeowners, landlords and general contractors ask for your certificate before you start.
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Insure your work van
Personal auto policies usually don't cover a vehicle used for business.
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Get workers' comp before your first hire
Most states require it as soon as you have employees, even part-time.
Getting paid0/3
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Send professional estimates and invoices
Numbered invoices with clear terms get paid faster. Make one free here, or use an app that tracks who owes you. Free invoice maker
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Take card payments
Customers expect to pay by card or phone. A free app and reader gets you set up the same day.
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Schedule jobs and get paid on site
Quotes, scheduling, reminders and payment in one app saves hours of texting every week.
Hiring and payroll0/1
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Payroll and workers' comp before your first hire
Most states require workers' comp once you have employees, and payroll software handles the tax filings.
Getting customers0/4
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Get a free website
Find your business here and we'll draft a website you can claim free. Prefer to build your own? A website builder works too. Find my business
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Get on Google Maps
A free Google Business Profile is how most local customers will find you. Step-by-step guide
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Get your own domain and email
An address like you@yourbusiness.com looks more established than a free email account.
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Get a business phone number
Keep work calls and texts apart from your personal number, on the phone you already carry.
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Get a logo and business cards Optional
A simple logo on your site, truck and invoices makes you easier to remember.
Some options are partner links: we may earn a fee if you sign up, at no cost to you. We only list services new owners commonly use. How we're paid
What insurance costs
| Coverage | Median per month |
|---|---|
| General liability | $101 |
| Business owner's policy (BOP) | $139 |
| Workers' compensation | $182 |
| Commercial auto | $286 |
| Tools and equipment | $41 |
Source: Insureon, Aug 2026. Your price depends on your work, location and history.
Other trades in Montana
Sources: state agency sites linked above; annual report rules compiled from state sites (checked Oct 2026). Rules change, so confirm with the agency before filing.